Cancer is currently the second leading cause of global mortality, with over 70% of these deaths occurring in developing countries. This latest research brief, part of a series funded by ASSA and produced by Percept, explores the mechanisms driving the increasing incidence of cancer in South Africa. From the biological impacts of an ageing population to the “syndemic” link between HIV and certain cancers like cervical cancer and lymphomas, this brief provides critical evidence to support high-quality resource allocation and health system decision-making. Read the full brief below.